# 淝水之战（北府兵渡水破秦）｜素材说明

## 事件边界

- 规范事件名：淝水之战（北府兵渡水破秦）
- 常用称呼：淝水之战、肥水之战、谢玄破苻坚
- 项目归类：东晋
- 时代：东晋孝武帝太元八年、前秦建元十九年
- 日期：公元383年十一月
- 地点：寿阳与淝水一线
- 一句话结论：前秦苻坚大军进至寿阳，东晋谢石、谢玄率北府兵迎战；晋军请秦军稍退以便渡水决战，秦军后撤时因朱序呼喊与指挥失控而大乱，晋军乘势渡河追击获胜。

## 60–90 秒主旁白

太元八年，前秦苻坚大举南下，先取寿阳，把主力压到淝水西岸。东晋朝廷并没有一支与秦军数量对等的大军，前线由谢石、谢玄等统领北府兵迎战。刘牢之先在洛涧击破秦军前锋，晋军推进到淝水东岸。两军隔水对峙，谢玄派人请求秦军稍向后退，让晋军渡水后决战。苻坚想等晋军半渡再击，命军队后撤；但庞大军阵一旦移动，命令很快失真。此前被秦军俘获、此时在阵中的朱序趁机高喊“秦兵败矣”，后部误以为前线真的战败，退却转成奔乱。谢玄、谢琰率军迅速渡水追击，秦将苻融试图整军，落马后战死，秦军全面溃退。苻坚中箭北走，沿途风声鹤唳、草木皆兵是《晋书》对败军惊惧的记述，不是神异。建康的谢安接到捷报时仍与客人下棋，只淡淡说“小儿辈遂已破贼”，回屋过门槛才折断木屐齿。这场胜利保住了东晋，也让前秦的统一迅速瓦解。

## 分幕素材

### 01｜寿阳压境·洛涧先胜

- 时间地点：寿阳东南、洛涧至淝水
- 本幕作用：建立秦军压境与北府兵先击前锋的战场态势。
- 分幕旁白：苻坚军占据寿阳。刘牢之率北府精兵先破洛涧前锋，晋军才得以进至淝水。
- 页面标题：先夺洛涧
- 页面短句：晋军先打掉渡口前锋，才把决战线推到淝水。
- PNG：`images/01-liu-laozhi-wins-at-luojian.png`
- WebP：`images/01-liu-laozhi-wins-at-luojian.webp`
- 替代文本：秋冬清晨的洛涧渡口，刘牢之率深青灰北府兵用盾弩稳步夺取木桥与浅滩，秦军前锋向远处寿阳方向退却，不画尸体。
- 视觉推演边界：木桥、浅滩、兵种和退却方向为视觉重构；刘牢之击破洛涧前锋、晋军进至淝水有史载。
- 人物：刘牢之（鹰扬将军、广陵相；率精兵击秦军洛涧前锋）；梁成（前秦卫军将军；扼守洛涧，战败；不展示遗体）；谢玄（前锋都督；统北府兵推进至淝水）
- 史料：《晋书·谢玄传》卷七十九；《资治通鉴》卷一百五

生成提示词：

```text
Use case: historical-scene. Digital Me Eastern Jin and Northern-Southern Dynasties story frame. Cold dawn at a modest stream crossing near Luojian. Liu Laozhi, vigorous in his 30s, compact beard and dark blue-gray lamellar armor, leads disciplined Beifu shield and crossbow infantry across a timber bridge and shallow ford. Former Qin forward troops in brown-black armor disengage toward distant Shouyang earthworks. Show controlled tactical success and secured crossing, no slaughter, bodies or impossible army size. Premium live-action Chinese historical film still, archaeology-informed fourth-to-sixth-century China, cinematic 16:9 landscape, subtle film grain, physically plausible armies and structures, rammed earth, aged timber, hemp, low-sheen silk, leather, iron lamellar armor, straight swords, bows, crossbows, spears, cavalry tack, wooden carts and period river craft. Leave calm negative space for webpage copy. No baked-in text, readable banners, subtitles, logo or watermark; no clone-face armies, fantasy armor, Tang/Song/Ming/Qing gear or architecture, imperial yellow dragon robes, Forbidden City, firearms, cannons, gunpowder explosions, European plate, magic, anime, gore or body piles.
```

### 02｜隔水请退

- 时间地点：淝水两岸
- 本幕作用：呈现谢玄请秦军后撤和苻坚欲半渡而击的决策点。
- 分幕旁白：谢玄请秦军稍退，让晋军渡水决战。苻坚想在半渡时进击，下令全军后撤。
- 页面标题：请君少却
- 页面短句：决定胜负的命令不是向前，而是让一支庞大军队先向后移动。
- PNG：`images/02-request-to-withdraw-at-fei-river.png`
- WebP：`images/02-request-to-withdraw-at-fei-river.webp`
- 替代文本：淝水宽阔河岸，晋使乘小舟在中流递交无字木牍；西岸苻坚苻融在高处观察纵深极大的秦军阵列，东岸谢玄北府兵整齐等待。
- 视觉推演边界：使者方式、阵列规模、两岸站位和地形为视觉重构；谢玄请却军、苻坚欲半渡击而许之有史载。
- 人物：谢玄（东晋前锋都督；遣使请秦军退阵，许晋军渡水）；苻坚（前秦天王；同意退军，准备半渡而击）；苻融（前秦征南大将军；在前线传达整军后退命令）
- 史料：《晋书·苻坚载记》卷一百十四；《晋书·谢玄传》卷七十九

生成提示词：

```text
Use case: historical-scene. Digital Me Eastern Jin and Northern-Southern Dynasties story frame. Across a broad shallow Fei River, an Eastern Jin envoy in a small boat raises a sealed blank wooden dispatch. On the west bank Fu Jian, late 40s, imposing but controlled, and Fu Rong survey a deep Former Qin formation stretching behind them; on the east bank Xie Xuan’s smaller Beifu ranks wait in compact order. No movement yet. Emphasize scale mismatch and the river as negotiated space, no banners with writing. Premium live-action Chinese historical film still, archaeology-informed fourth-to-sixth-century China, cinematic 16:9 landscape, subtle film grain, physically plausible armies and structures, rammed earth, aged timber, hemp, low-sheen silk, leather, iron lamellar armor, straight swords, bows, crossbows, spears, cavalry tack, wooden carts and period river craft. Leave calm negative space for webpage copy. No baked-in text, readable banners, subtitles, logo or watermark; no clone-face armies, fantasy armor, Tang/Song/Ming/Qing gear or architecture, imperial yellow dragon robes, Forbidden City, firearms, cannons, gunpowder explosions, European plate, magic, anime, gore or body piles.
```

### 03｜秦阵后移·朱序呼败

- 时间地点：淝水西岸秦军阵中
- 本幕作用：解释有序后撤如何转成无法停止的奔乱。
- 分幕旁白：秦军依令后移，阵列逐层挤压。朱序高喊秦军已败，后部误信，退却变成溃乱。
- 页面标题：一退不复止
- 页面短句：前线只退几步，传到数里之后，就成了全军都在败走。
- PNG：`images/03-zhu-xu-shouts-as-qin-retreats.png`
- WebP：`images/03-zhu-xu-shouts-as-qin-retreats.webp`
- 替代文本：秦军纵深阵列正在后移，前排尚举盾有序，后排因车辆与人群挤压转身奔走；朱序站在一辆土台车旁高声呼喊，苻融骑马逆流整队。
- 视觉推演边界：阵列失真过程、朱序位置、车队拥堵与苻融整队为战术推演；秦军一退不止、朱序呼秦兵败矣有史载。
- 人物：朱序（前秦度支尚书、原东晋降将；在秦军后撤时高喊秦兵已败）；苻融（前秦前线主帅；试图驰骑整顿后撤军阵）；前秦军士（多部军阵；因命令失真与拥挤由退转乱）
- 史料：《晋书·苻坚载记》卷一百十四；《资治通鉴》卷一百五

生成提示词：

```text
Use case: historical-scene. Digital Me Eastern Jin and Northern-Southern Dynasties story frame. A deep Former Qin army begins a commanded withdrawal: front ranks still face the river with shields up, middle ranks step backward, while rear units turn amid carts and dust as spacing collapses. Zhu Xu, a middle-aged unarmored official among the formation, shouts from beside a low command wagon. Fu Rong rides against the human flow trying to restore order. No supernatural panic, trampling close-up, bodies or gore. Premium live-action Chinese historical film still, archaeology-informed fourth-to-sixth-century China, cinematic 16:9 landscape, subtle film grain, physically plausible armies and structures, rammed earth, aged timber, hemp, low-sheen silk, leather, iron lamellar armor, straight swords, bows, crossbows, spears, cavalry tack, wooden carts and period river craft. Leave calm negative space for webpage copy. No baked-in text, readable banners, subtitles, logo or watermark; no clone-face armies, fantasy armor, Tang/Song/Ming/Qing gear or architecture, imperial yellow dragon robes, Forbidden City, firearms, cannons, gunpowder explosions, European plate, magic, anime, gore or body piles.
```

### 04｜北府渡水·谢安折屐

- 时间地点：淝水战场与建康谢安宅的蒙太奇式同框
- 本幕作用：以渡水追击和后方接报构成战役收束。
- 分幕旁白：谢玄率北府兵渡水追击，秦军溃败。建康谢安接报仍下棋，入室时却折断木屐齿。
- 页面标题：小儿辈破贼
- 页面短句：前线越过一条河，后方只落下一枚棋子；压住的喜悦却折在门槛上。
- PNG：`images/04-beifu-crosses-xie-an-receives-news.png`
- WebP：`images/04-beifu-crosses-xie-an-receives-news.webp`
- 替代文本：主体为北府兵用浅滩与小舟渡过淝水、盾弩整齐推进；画面右侧以室内开窗式构图呈现谢安在棋盘旁读捷报，门槛边木屐齿折断，无超现实分屏文字。
- 视觉推演边界：两地同框、渡河方式、棋局与折屐细节为视觉化并置；晋军渡水追击、谢安围棋接报和折屐齿有史载。
- 人物：谢玄、谢琰（北府军将领；率军渡水追击溃退秦军）；谢安（征讨大都督、东晋执政；在建康下棋接报，入户时折屐齿）；苻坚（前秦天王；败退北走；不展示伤口）
- 史料：《晋书·谢安传》《谢玄传》卷七十九；《资治通鉴》卷一百五

生成提示词：

```text
Use case: historical-scene. Digital Me Eastern Jin and Northern-Southern Dynasties story frame. The main frame shows Beifu infantry crossing the Fei River by shallow ford and small boats in disciplined shield-and-crossbow groups as the larger Qin army recedes into dust. Architecturally framed at the right edge, a quiet riverside command pavilion evokes Jianye: elderly Xie An sits by a go board reading a blank dispatch, while a broken wooden clog tooth lies at the threshold. A cinematic visual parallel rather than a supernatural split screen. Premium live-action Chinese historical film still, archaeology-informed fourth-to-sixth-century China, cinematic 16:9 landscape, subtle film grain, physically plausible armies and structures, rammed earth, aged timber, hemp, low-sheen silk, leather, iron lamellar armor, straight swords, bows, crossbows, spears, cavalry tack, wooden carts and period river craft. Leave calm negative space for webpage copy. No baked-in text, readable banners, subtitles, logo or watermark; no clone-face armies, fantasy armor, Tang/Song/Ming/Qing gear or architecture, imperial yellow dragon robes, Forbidden City, firearms, cannons, gunpowder explosions, European plate, magic, anime, gore or body piles.
```

## BGM 选曲

- 项目曲目：`zhanzhen:feishui#1`｜淝水之战｜谢玄版·仅用无主唱器乐 stem
- 状态：pending-export
- 用法：洛涧以克制快板起，隔水请退压住节奏，朱序呼喊处让拍点错位，渡水追击形成主峰，尾声骤收至棋子和木屐声；删除歌词和品牌尾签。
- 选择理由：项目有淝水专属谢玄版，结构核心正是克制、后退与渡水爆发；仓库暂无成品音频。
- 音频路径或 URL：仓库暂缺，待导出

| 时间 | 分幕 | 编排 |
|---|---|---|
| 00:00–00:20 | 01 | 北府先锋建立节拍。 |
| 00:20–00:40 | 02 | 隔水对峙压低配器。 |
| 00:40–01:02 | 03 | 军阵后移后节奏错位。 |
| 01:02–01:26 | 04 | 渡水抬升，棋子与折屐骤收。 |

## 史料来源

- 谢安统筹、谢玄北府兵作战与接报折屐：[《晋书·谢安传、谢玄传》卷七十九](https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hans/晋书/卷079)
- 苻坚临淝水、退军失控与风声鹤唳：[《晋书·苻坚载记下》卷一百十四](https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hans/晋书/卷114)
- 洛涧、请退、朱序呼败与战后次序：[《资治通鉴》卷一百五](https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hans/资治通鉴/卷105)

## 禁区与误读防护

- 把“八公山草木皆兵”画成树木变士兵或神迹
- 使用八十万、百万等数字生成不可验证的人海尸山
- 把谢安画在淝水前线指挥；他在建康统筹
- 虚构苻坚与谢玄单挑或朱序持刀冲阵
- 现代文字、水印、后世服甲建筑、火器或血腥画面

## 交付检查

- [x] 每幕 PNG 原图存在且为 16:9
- [x] 每幕 WebP 交付图存在且为 16:9
- [x] 旁白、页面文案、人物标签、提示词、视觉推演和史料齐全
- [ ] BGM 已导出并填写可用路径
- [x] `manifest.json` 与本说明中的文件名全部校验通过